Municipalities in Canada need the expressed legislative authority from the provinces before enacting inclusionary zoning programs that impose mandatory affordable housing obligations.

Enabling legislation has been passed by these four provinces:

• Manitoba in December 2013.

• Alberta in December 2016, but implementation is subject to regulations that have not been released.

• Ontario in December 2016, but this was not implemented until the release of regulations in April 2018. These provisions have been subsequently modified by new legislation passed in June 2019.

• Quebec in December 2017.

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